Introduction to Tables

These tables are based on children resident in New York State who were live born in 1995 and reported to the registry with major malformations. Since a new coding system began to be used in 1992, the list of major malformations has been revised (see Appendix 4). Thus, the prevalence in this report are not comparable to reports prior to 1992.

About 77% of children reported with major malformations have only one major malformation (Table 1). The overall occurrences of major malformations are 3.9% of live births. Male children have a higher rate of major malformations than female children (4.6% versus 3.1%, Table 2). This difference is consistent within different racial groups. The rates for major malformations are somewhat higher for black than for white children (4.4% versus 3.8%). The major malformation rate among children with residence at birth in New York State excluding New York City was approximately the same as children with residence at birth in New York City (3.9%). The smaller number of births in the "other" racial category makes these rates difficult to interpret.

Since most children had one major malformation, the race-sex patterns seen for all major malformations are similar to the patterns seen in children with a single major malformation (Table 3). All race-sex groups for children with multiple major malformations showed little variation (Table 4).

Most major malformations were diagnosed within the first three days of life for all races (76.0%,Table 5). The percentage diagnosed within the first three days was slightly higher for white (76.5%) than for black children (74.9%). The proportion of diagnoses made at age six months or later is somewhat greater for black children (5.7%) than for white children (5.2% Table 5).

Section I - Table I 1995 Births - New York State Residents Number of Major Malformations Per Child
Number of Malformations	Number of Children	Percent
All Children	10,484	100.0**
1	8,108	77.3
2	1,447	13.8
3	456	4.3
4	207	2.0
5	100	1.0
6	68	0.6
7	41	0.4
8	20	0.2
9	15	0.1
10	10	0.1
11	5	*
12	3	*
13	1	*
14	2	*
* Less than 0.05% **Total may not add to 100 due to rounding

Section I - Table 2 1995 Births - New York State Residents Percent of Live Births With One Or More Major Malformations Sex by Race and Residence
	Both Sexes			Males			Females
Race and Residence	Infants	Births	%	Infants	Births	%	Infants	Births	%
New York State
All Races+	10,484	271,042	3.9	6,384	138,583	4.6	4,100	132,457	3.1
White	7,438	196,558	3.8	4,611	100,784	4.6	2,827	95,774	3.0
Black	2,463	55,556	4.4	1,429	28,070	5.1	1,034	27,484	3.8
Other	495	17,118	2.9	295	8,828	3.3	200	8,290	2.4
NYS Excluding NYC
All Races+	5,593	144,879	3.9	3,469	73,984	4.7	2,124	70,893	3.0
White	4,768	124,688	3.8	2,985	63,700	4.7	1,783	60,988	2.9
Black	645	14,711	4.4	386	7,452	5.2	259	7,257	3.6
Other	123	4,418	2.8	70	2,301	3.0	53	2,117	2.5
New York City
All Races+	4,891	126,163	3.9	2,915	64,599	4.5	1,976	61,564	3.2
White	2,670	71,870	3.7	1,626	37,084	4.4	1,044	34,786	3.0
Black	1,818	40,845	4.5	1,043	20,618	5.1	775	20,227	3.8
Other	372	12,700	2.9	225	6,527	3.4	147	6,173	2.4
+Total includes unknowns within each category, thus row and column figures may not sum to totals.

Section I - Table 3 1995 Births - New York State Residents Percent of Live Births With One Major Malformations Sex by Race and Residence
	Both Sexes			Males			Females
Race and Residence	Infants	Births	%	Infants	Births	%	Infants	Births	%
New York State
All Races+	8,109	271,042	3.0	5,007	138,583	3.6	3,102	132,457	2.3
White	5,738	196,558	2.9	3,622	100,784	3.6	2,116	95,774	2.2
Black	1,939	55,556	3.5	1,132	28,070	4.0	807	27,484	2.9
Other	371	17,118	2.2	219	8,828	2.5	152	8,290	1.8
NYS Excluding NYC
All Races+	4,281	144,879	3.0	2,681	73,984	3.6	1,600	70,893	2.3
White	3,649	124,688	2.9	2,314	63,700	3.6	1,335	60,988	2.2
Black	497	14,711	3.4	296	7,452	4.0	201	7,257	2.8
Other	96	4,418	2.2	51	2,301	2.2	45	2,117	2.1
New York City
All Races+	3,828	126,163	3.0	2,326	64,599	3.6	1,502	61,564	2.4
White	2,089	71,870	2.9	1,308	37,084	3.5	781	34,786	2.2
Black	1,442	40,845	3.5	836	20,618	4.1	606	20,227	3.0
Other	275	12,700	2.2	168	6,527	2.6	107	6,173	1.7
+Total includes unknowns within each category, thus row and column figures may not sum to totals.

Section I - Table 4 1995 Births - New York State Residents Percent of Live Births With Two or More Major Malformations Sex by Race and Residence
Race and Residence	Both Sexes			Males			Females
	Infants	Total Births	%	Infants	Total Births	%	Infants	Total Births	%
New York State
All Races+	2,375	271,042	0.9	1,377	138,583	1.0	998	132,457	0.8
White	1,700	196,558	0.9	989	100,784	1.0	711	95,774	0.7
Black	524	55,556	0.9	297	28,070	1.1	227	27,484	0.8
Other	124	17,118	0.7	76	8,828	0.9	48	8,290	0.6
NYS Excluding NYC
All Races+	1,312	144,879	0.9	788	73,984	1.1	524	70,893	0.7
White	1,119	124,688	0.9	671	63,700	1.1	488	60,988	0.7
Black	148	14,711	1.0	90	7,452	1.2	58	7,257	0.8
Other	27	4,418	0.6	19	2,301	0.8	8	2,117	0.4
New York City
All Races+	1,063	126,163	0.8	589	64,599	0.9	474	61,564	0.8
White	581	71,870	0.8	318	37,084	0.9	263	34,786	0.8
Black	376	40,845	0.90	207	20,618	1.0	169	20,227	0.8
Other	97	12,700	0.8	57	6,527	0.9	40	6,173	0.6
+Total includes unknowns within each category, thus row and column figures may not sum to totals